Apparatus for and method of dyeing material



L. K. BIACH. 1

AFPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF DYEING MATERIAL. I APPLICATION FILED lULY I3. 1920. v v 1,415,513, v Patented M519. 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

FIG. I.

INVENTOR ATTORNEYJ LT K. BIACH. APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF DYE 1N6 MATERIAL.

APPLICATION FILED IULY13. 1920.

Patented May 9, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET Z.

INVENTCIJR ATTORNEYS" following is a specification. a This invention relates to improvements in I0 -.ing a' solutionof indi I w an alkali; 'During the dyeing process, a foam,consisting of pure indigo blue, rises to the surfaceofthe solution, which foam is,

'r oer- 1c;

LUDWIG K. BIACH, or NE HAVEN, connncricurf Application filed July 13,

To all whom igf may'oomern: Be it known that I, LU"D\VIG K. BTACH, a

' citizen oftheUnited States, residing in New Haven, countyo-f'New Haven, and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for and Methods of DyeingMaterial, of which the apparatus for, and methods of dveing piece go"o'd's, yarn or the like, and more especially to-fthe dyeing of cotton goods and" yarn by *means of a'solu'tion of indigowhite dissolved in an alkali. I

According 'to the present practice the goods or yarn is run through a vat containgo white dissolved in -I be lie ve, caused by the oxidation of the ii-ndigo white, in the solution, by the air carried into the tank by the material-to be dyed. 'lhe forming of the pure indigo blue which rises to'the surface of the solution as a -foam Fis veryobjectiona'ble as weakens "the dye solution within'the vat and asa result the shade of the dyed material will vary unless the dyeing solution is replenished fromtime to time. It has been found [in practice that such replenishing of the dye l solution will be necessary for every @000 or -5;O0 0- yards of material vat,'in order that the passing-through the material will be dyed a uniform shade.

' prevent the formation of the foam o f indigo blue,- above described, and this object is at "i tained by subjecting substantially dry "mate- 1 superdryin rial to be dyed to a preliminary heating and thispreliminary treatment has, thedesired- Q-efi'ect are not altogether clear to me, itheorywith reference to the matter the heating and drying of the material drives out of itmuchofithe occluded air and moisture which areordinarily carried into the dyeing solution byithe material and'cause the objectionable oxidation f the latter as 1 ;be, '-however,it is a fact that this treaiunent of {the (material has the desired above mentioned; iWhatever the reason may preliminary all; the acc9n1panyihg drawiuge timi g Specification of Letters Patent.

principle Tt h'ereo I .Figurel is an elevational view, somewhat g treatment. The reasons why- -is belted :to a but my is'that APPARATUS non AND METHOD or DYEINGMATEMAL.

I Patented May? 9,1 1922 i920; Serial No. 395,965.

part of this specification, wherein Ih'ave shown one preferred embodiment of an invention for the fpurpose of illustrating the diagrammatic in character, of an apparatus embodying my invention and'b-y means: of which the improved method may be carried out, and'.' I

Figure 2 is azp'lan View thereof. A I Referring to the drawings, 1 indicatesva frame of any suitable construction,- which isv shownias being secured by bolts to-a supporting frame 2 secured to the ceiling of a room. Rotatably supported uponf -the frame lrare av plurality of drying drums 3 and a plurality of water drums emisecured to the shafts of the several dryingdrums and of the waterdrums are gear wheels 5 which intermesh with one another whereby rota-Y :tion of one of the drums will effect rotation of the'other drums. Carried by the frame 1,

at bothrside'sthereof, are pipes 16 provided A :with branches 7 communicating with the interiors of the drying drums 3. One of the :pipes 6 constitutes an inlet pipe and is adapted to. be connected to a suitable source of supply-of a heated fluid, such as steam, and

:the other of the pipes 6v serves as an exhaust pipe for the "heatedffluid after it has passed ,through-the drying drums; "Meshing with one. of the gear! wheels 5, preferably the one secured to the shaft'o-fxthe lowermost drying I drum, is a gear wheel 8 secured to'a shaft padder of t e usual type, 'not shown,- by

I 9 carrying a ulley 10 which is driven from a] The general object of my invention is to means of a belt 11. The pad'der is driven by anbelt 12 from'a pulley 13 secured to a shaft l'supported by hangers 15 secured to the ceiling. Rotation. of the shaft 14 is "ef-" fected by means of a suitable motor 16 which by abelt 18. 1

' Secured :to the shaft 14 is a the shaft of the pulley 21 is'a gear wheel; 23

whichmeshes with a gear wheel" 24, secured to .a shaft 25, supported upon a frame 26,

blocks 29 adjust/a ly "mounted pon the pulley 17, secured 'tothe shaft,

pulley- 19 con i nectedby a .belt20 with a pulleyil2l 'rotatably supported upon standards 22; Fixed upon frame 26 and adapted to be raised or lowered by means of hand-screws 30 in the well known manner. The roller 27 and roll 28 constitute a squeezer for squeezing the excess dyeing solution from the material after it has passed therethrough.

Between the frame 1 and the standards 22 is a vat 31 having a. rearwardly flaring portion 32, the open upper portion of which extends below the queezer frame 26 whereby the excess of the dyeing solution squeezed from the material by the roller 27 and roll 28 will be returned to the vat. Removably positioned within the vat is a suitable frame 33 carrying a plurality of rollers 34. The dyeing solution is introduced into the vat through a pipe 35 communicating with the vat at the lower portion thereof, and a stirrer 36, of any suitable construction, is positioned within the vat and is driven by a belt or chain 37 from a pulley or sproc :et 38 secured to the haft 9. Located above the vat adjacent each end thereof, are angular guide members 39 which serve to straighten and guide the material being dyed.

In operation the material to be dyed, indicated by reference numeral 40, is passed around the drying drums 3 and the water drums 4 after which it is passed around the guide members 39 at the front of the vat. The material is then passed to and fro around the rollers 34 carried by the frame 33 within the vat as indicated by dotted lines. After leaving the vat the material passes around the guide members 39 at the rear end thereof and between the roller 27 and roll 28 of the squeezer. As the material passes around the drying drums 3 it is heated to such an extent by the action of the heated fluid therein that much of the occluded air and moisture is expelled therefrom, after which the material is cooled by being passed around the water drums 4, in order that its temperature will be lowered to approximately the temperature of the vat Just before entering the vat the material passes around the members 39 which serve to straighten it and guide it properly to the rollers 34 on the frame 33. As the material travels through the vat, passing around the rollers 34, it is dyed by the dyeing solution within the vat in the usual manner. After leaving the vat the material passes around the members 39 adjacent the rear end thereof which serve to straighten the material and to guide it properly to the rolls 27 and 28 of the squeezer between which the material passes. The squeezer serves to expel from the dyed material the excess dyeing solution carried'thereby which drops into the flaring portion of the vat and is used again in the dyeing process.

-When material to be dyed is so treated, there will be no appreciable oxidation of the indigo white of the dyeing olution and.

therefore the solution will not be weakened during the dyeing process. The solution is thus maintained at its proper strength regardless of the speed at which the material is run through the vat and it is therefore unnecessary to replenish the dyeing solution nearly as often, to maintain it at its proper strength as must be done when the indigo white is rapidly oxidized, as is the case when the material is dyed in accordance with the present practice, although it is, of course, necessary occasionally to add to the dyeing solution within the tank a sufiicient quantity of the solution to compensate for the portion thereof which is absorbed by the material during the dyeing process. It will thus be seen that in accordance with my invention the shade of the dyed material will not vary during the dyeing process and it is therefore unnecessary to keep watch of the material as it is being dyed in order to determine when the dyeing solution needs replenish ing. Furthermore, it will be seen that there is a considerable saving in the amount of the dyeing solution necessary to effect the dyeing of the material.

While I have illustrated and described my invention in connection with a preferred embodiment thereof, it will be understood that I do not intend to limit myself thereto, but that I intend to cover my invention broadly in whatever form its principle may be employed.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1. The method of dyeing which consists in first heating and superdrying substantially dry material to be dyed, and then subjecting the material to the action of the dyeing fluid.

2. The method of dyeing which consists in first subjecting substantially dry material to be dyed to the action of dry heat, and then subjecting the material to the actionof the dyeing fluid.

3. The method of dyeing which consists in subjecting the material to be dyed to the action of dry heat, lowering the temperature of the heated material, and then subjecting the material to the action of the dyeing fluid.

4. The method of dyeing which consists in first passing substantially dry material to be dyed over a dry heated surface, and then subjecting the material to the action of the dyeing fluid.

5. The method of dyeing which consists in passing the material to be dyed over a dry heated surface, then over a cold dry surface, and then subjecting the material to the action of the dyeing fluid.

6. In a dyeing apparatus, the combination of a vat adapted to contain a dyeing fluid and provided with means for guiding the materialto be dyed therethrough, and means for dry heating the material and for then cooling it to approximately the temperature is adapted to pass and by which itis heated of the dyeing fluid before the material enters and dried. before it enters said vat, and an- 10- the latter; a other cooled imperforate roller over which 7. In a dyeing "apparatus, the combination the material is adapted to pass after it leaves of a vat adapted to contain a dyeing fluid said heated roller and before it enters said and provided with means for guiding the vat. material to be dyed therethrough, a heated I imperforate roller over which the material LUDWIG K. BIAOH; 

